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This is page 167 from the Exercitationes mathematicae (1657) of Frans van Schooten (1615-1660). This book contained a collection of mathematical construction problems, among much else. It was one of the books read by Isaac Newton while he was a student at Cambridge University and helped to introduce him to modern mathematics. On this page we see a construction enabling one to find the distance across a river.
A wonderful survey of the history of mathematics, emphasizing its relationship with the ambient culture.

A man bought a number of sheep for $225; 10 of them having died, he sold 4/5 of the remainder for the same cost and received $150 for them. How many did he buy?

A compilation of ethnomathematical ideas from around the world.

Two travelers, starting at the same time from the same point, travel in opposite directions round a circular railway.

Find the area of the elliptical segment cut off parallel to the shorter axis;

An introduction to the priority dispute between Euler and D'Alembert relating to several mathematical ideas that both worked on in the 1740s and 1750s.

Here are some things I don't want to forget to ask.

Given a semicircle, prove that if O is the circle's center, DO=OE.

A water tub holds 73 gallons; the pipe which fills it usually admits 7 gallons in 5 minutes; and the tap discharges 20 gallons in 17 minutes.

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