Mathematical Treasure: Metius on Applications of Arithmetic and Geometry

Adriaan Metius (1571-1635) published Manuale arithmetice et geometrie practice in 1634.  Although Metius had published an earlier arithmetic and geometry text in 1626 (see Mathematical Treasure: Arithmetic and Geometry of Metius), this new work was much more comprehensive and stressed the practical applications of mathematics.

In his introductory pages, he explains the rationale for the work.

On the first pages of instruction, the author discusses the four operations of mathematics.

Page 7 includes an illustration of the multiplication of two multi-digit numbers. The algorithm employed is readily recognized as the modern accepted form.

On page 15, an example of the “downward method" of division is demonstrated. It is noted that in this instance eight separate operations (subtractions) must be undertaken.

The discussion of geometry includes a categorization of polygons: triangles, quadrilaterals and regular and irregular others.

The mathematics of land survey and layout is discussed.

Solid geometry is considered later in the text.

The full work can be viewed courtesy of the University of Bordeaux, Library of Science and Technology, through BabordNum.

Index to Mathematical Treasures